Europe and Western Civilization in the Modern Age

  • Classement #
  • Première: Mar 1998
  • Épisodes: 48
  • Abonnés: 0
  • Fini
  • Inconnu
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  • History

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Saison 1
1x1
Introduction: Europe in the "Modern Age"
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Historians often see the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution as ushering in "the modern age." These two revolutions effected an epochal break in Western history, altering the .. show full overview
1x2
Social and Political Life Under the Ancien Regime
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Here is an account of the cultural practices, social structure, and political institutions of the order that was to be swept away by the Age of Revolution. Special attention is paid to .. show full overview
1x3
Intellectual and Cultural Life: The Challenge of the Enlightenment
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
What were the main ideas of the late 18th-century Enlightenment? Who were its leading figures? How did this movement of thought challenge Europe's old order? Also examined is the basis .. show full overview
1x4
The Origins of the French Revolution
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Both long- and short-term conditions contributed to the crisis of the French monarchy and the Revolution of 1789. The two sets are analyzed, with special focus on the dilemmas of French absolutism and the social bases of political unrest.
1x5
The Outbreak of the Revolution and the Monarchist Response
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Between the fall of the Bastille in 1789 and the creation of the constitutional monarchy in 1792 came the Great Fear, the Tennis Court Oath, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and .. show full overview
1x6
The Terror and Its Aftermath
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
The "Second Revolution" of 1792 was followed by the Terror of 1793–94, with Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety at its head. How did the Revolution take this extremist turn? .. show full overview
1x7
The Rise of Napoleon: Heir of the Revolution or New Form of Tyranny?
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Out of the period of the Directory (1795–99) came an ambitious young general named Napoleon Bonaparte. What lay behind his dramatic rise to power and his creation of the Empire out of .. show full overview
1x8
Napoleonic Europe: A Epoch of War
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
The Napoleonic state—Europe's largest empire since Roman days—had a brief but violent career from 1800 to 1815. It posed severe ideological and geopolitical challenges to the monarchies, .. show full overview
1x9
The Restoration and Reactionary Conservatism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
At the close of the Napoleonic Wars, the victorious legitimist powers met at the Congress of Vienna. There, led by the Austrian chief minister Klemens Metternich, they tried to create a .. show full overview
1x10
The Challenge of Liberal Nationalism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
A leading threat to the restored monarchies of Europe was the conjunction of liberalism and nationalism that arose in the wake of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. From 1815 .. show full overview
1x11
Liberal Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution: The English Experienve
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
The focus shifts from politics to the momentous economic changes that would transform overwhelmingly agrarian Europe into an industrial colossus by the end of the 19th century. England .. show full overview
1x12
The Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Industrialization had dramatic social implications, not least in the rise of a new class of aggressive industrial and commercial entrepreneurs. With burgeoning factories and growing .. show full overview
1x13
The Revolution in France
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
The first Europe-wide revolution of the modern age began in France in February 1848. In this first of three lectures on the events of that critical year, France is the focus. There, both .. show full overview
1x14
Revolution in Central Europe
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
In the German- and Italian-speaking lands, the revolutionaries of 1848 faced the challenge not only of erecting constitutional polities, but of forging politically unified nation-states. .. show full overview
1x15
The Political Implications of the Revolution
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
What did the revolutionary events accomplish, and what lessons could be drawn from this year marked by upheaval on a continental scale? Revolutionary governments that rode to power on a .. show full overview
1x16
The Unification of Germany
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
No conservative leader was more skillful at co-opting nationalism than Prince Otto von Bismarck, chief minister of Prussia beginning in 1858. He used a combination of liberal economic .. show full overview
1x17
The Unification of Italy
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Under Count Cavour, chief minister of Sardinia-Piedmont, Italy, began a process of national unification that would also culminate in 1871. Cavour, like Bismarck, successfully employed .. show full overview
1x18
The New Imperialism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
In the last quarter of the 19th century, the European powers embarked on a wave of colonial expansionism that differed significantly from earlier drives from territory abroad. What were .. show full overview
1x19
Race, Religion, and Greed: Explaining European Expansion
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Observers at the time, including Lenin and J. A. Hobson, tried to explain the new imperialism in economic terms. These and other possible motivating factors explored, and imperialism's effects on Europe itself are weighed.
1x20
Marx and the Challenge of Socialism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Socialism appeared early in the 19th century as a utopian political movement, received its most influential "orthodox" theoretical development in the works of Karl Marx, and also proved .. show full overview
1x21
The Social Problem and the Crisis of Liberalism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
By the 1890s, universal male suffrage had ushered in a new political era, and socialism's mounting challenge was pressing liberals and conservatives alike. Capitalism had generated .. show full overview
1x22
A New Conservatism: Anti-Modernism and the Origins of Fascism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
With the return of divine-right monarchy no longer possible, conservative voices began to object to both liberal capitalism and Marxian socialism. In England, France, Germany, and Italy, .. show full overview
1x23
European Cultural and Intellectual Life
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Intellectual trends sparked by Darwin, Freud, and Einstein are discussed, as is their enormous influence on culture and values. Among those discussed are Zola, Ibsen, Monet, Gauguin, .. show full overview
1x24
Social Norms, Social Strains in the Belle Epoque
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
Between 1871 and 1914, Europe was at the height of its power in nearly every sense—financial, military, technological, and cultural. What were the attitudes about race, social class, and .. show full overview
1x25
The International System, 1871-1890
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Mar 22, 1998
As chancellor at the helm of a newly united Germany, Bismarck maintained peace and political stability until his departure from office in 1890. What were the basic elements of the Iron .. show full overview
1x26
The Breakdown of the International System and the Slide Toward War
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Under the young Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany abandoned Bismarckian caution in favor of an ambitious, even aggressive, Welpolitik (global policy). What implications did this have for peace and stability in an age of alliance systems and arms race?
1x27
Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in the Multi-national Empires of Central and Eastern Europe
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
In the first decade of the new century, the polyglot Habsburg and Ottoman empires found themselves facing grave challenges from subject nationalities in the mountainous, volatile Balkan .. show full overview
1x28
The July Crisis and the Outbreak of War
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
After the assassination of Austria's Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June 1914, a crisis consumed the Great Powers of Europe and led to war before the summer's end. Controversy continues to .. show full overview
1x29
The War to End All Wars: The Experience of the Trenches
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
The statesmen and peoples who went to war in August 1914 thought that it would all be over by Christmas. Instead, unimaginable killing and destruction dragged on for years—the 19th .. show full overview
1x30
The Treaty of Versailles and the Failed Peace
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
We study the closing months of the war, the troubling circumstances surrounding the Armistice, and the controversial Treaty of Versailles. Did the Allies win the war only to lose the .. show full overview
1x31
The Bolshevik Revolution
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
What were the long-range causes that destabilized the Tsarist regime? How did Russia's involvement in the war contribute to these? Why did Kerensky's liberal Provisional Government lose .. show full overview
1x32
Civil War and the Establishment of the Soviet State
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Dr. Childers looks at the contest between Reds and Whites, repression and the consolidation of Bolshevik rule, the travails of socialism and the New Economic Policy, and the power .. show full overview
1x33
The Soviet System Under Stalin
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
With Lenin's death in 1924 and Stalin's triumph over Trotsky, the Soviet state was transformed. Forced industrialization and the coerced collectivization of agriculture were undertaken .. show full overview
1x34
Mussolini and the Emergence of Italian Fascism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Along with Communism, another political product of the Great War was Fascism. Fascist ideas had circulated since the 1890s, but it took the war to create the conditions for Fascist .. show full overview
1x35
The Democracies in Crisis
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
For France, for Britain, and for the fragile Weimar Republic in Germany, the interwar years were a time of turmoil, punctuated by recurrent economic crises and threats of political .. show full overview
1x36
Hitler and the Rise of Nazism in Germany
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Although Mussolini and his Fascists preceded them, Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Workers' Party would become the most powerful and aggressive movement on the European .. show full overview
1x37
Totalitarianism: The Third Reich
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
An application and assessment of the concept of totalitarianism, first devised by Hannah Arendt to describe the Nazi and Soviet systems with their all-encompassing ideologies and use of .. show full overview
1x38
The Third Reich: Ideology and Domestic Policy
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Trace the unfolding of the Nazis' ideological agenda, with special attention to the creation of Volksgemeinschaft (people's community) and the evolution of racial policy and .. show full overview
1x39
Ideology and Hitler's Foreign Policy
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
What was Hitler's vision of the international system? His goals included Lebensraum (living space) in the East, the overthrow of the Treaty of Versailles, and the destruction of "Judeo-Bolshevism."
1x40
The Twenty-Year Crisis: The International System, 1919-1939
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
What were the underlying assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses of the interwar state system? What drove the diplomacy of France and Britain, and why were they unable to restrain .. show full overview
1x41
The Coming of War, 1939
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Dr. Childers examines the chain of events, beginning with the Munich Conference of autumn 1938, that came to include the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in March 1939, the .. show full overview
1x42
The Blitzkrieg, 1940-1941
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
From the invasion of Poland in September 1939 until their check before Moscow in December 1941, Hitler's armies overran most of Europe using a revolutionary, mobile approach to warfare. .. show full overview
1x43
The Holocaust
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
The Nazis' decision to perpetrate a murderous "final solution" to "the Jewish question" is dissected in its various phases from the invasion of Poland to the construction of the Vernichtungslager (extermination camps) in the East in 1942.
1x44
The World at War
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
The final lecture on World War II examines its expansion into a truly global conflagration with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the U.S. entry into the war against all the Axis .. show full overview
1x45
The Origins of the Cold War
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
The British-American-Soviet coalition that destroyed the Third Reich began to come apart even before the surrender of Japan in August 1945. The inner dynamics and tensions of the .. show full overview
1x46
The Division of Europe
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
Divided and devastated by war and its aftermath, Europe rose from the ashes in the 1950s as the nations of the West set an ambitious, even visionary, course. Riding a wave of economic .. show full overview
1x47
The Collapse of Communism
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
A look at the postwar Soviet empire, including its East European satellites, with special emphasis on the unexpected and revolutionary events that brought down Communism, first in Poland and then throughout the Soviet world, between 1989 and 1991.
1x48 Épisode final de la série
Conclusion: Europe on the Eve of the 21st Street
Episode overview
Date de diffusion
Avr 06, 1998
The 1990s have marked an end to a half-century of global and cold war, leaving an increasingly unified Europe more globally influential than it has been since 1939. Yet old questions .. show full overview

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