This film goes inside the tragic story of an estimated 1.5 million people at hundreds of sites and how the Nazi military committed these horrific crimes.

Since 2004 two intrepid explorers have been trekking across the surface of Mars. Surviving in the hostile landscape and persevering in the face of elemental and mechanical difficulties, rovers Spirit and Opportunity now face the final stretch of their mission.

Lincoln's journey from his early years as a rising politician through his presidency, the Civil War, and his untimely death.

Astronauts are preparing to rendezvous one last time to refurbish and re-boost the venerable Hubble Space Telescope. Its a dangerous mission, so why is Hubble worth the risk? Hubble has been the key that has unlocked many secrets of the Universe. Take an excursion into the high frontiers of space as we explore the epic discoveries of made with Hubble. See how Hubble has explored the creation of stars and planets, the glory of supernovas, the formation of super massive black holes, charted dark matter and changed forever our understanding of reality itself. See how Hubble has glimpsed the origins of our Universe and the end of time. And see what NASA has planned for the orbiting telescope, and the successor to the Hubble program, the "James Webb Space Telescope".

Along the wild edges of the Earth, against a stunning backdrop of aerial, underwater, and wildlife photography, evolutionary biologist Armand Leroi leads us on an unforgettable journey retracing the adventure - and uncovering the evidence - that inspired Darwin's revolutionary work, On The Origin of Species. AKA Darwin's Lost Voyage

This is the untold story of one of the biggest Zeppelins ever built: the USS Macon. Originally built in the early 1930s by German engineers, the Macon carried five Sparrowhawk planes inside her hull that could be launched and retrieved during flight.

Uncover the strategy and details behind Operación Jaque – the masterwork in a series of Colombian intelligence endeavours and military operations aimed at suppressing powerful guerrilla militia, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). Through a series of ploys, Colombian officials tricked FARC leaders into releasing 15 politically significant hostages, including Colombian presidential-hopeful Ingrid Betancourt. Approximately 700 FARC hostages are still being held. Testimonies from high-tier military leaders, the intelligence agents who developed the operation, helicopter hostage rescuers, hostages and captured FARC members unravel this web of espionage. While Colombia's President and Defence Minister received accolades from around the world following the liberation, the hostage rescue has not been without controversy. Allegations of illegally using the International Red Cross emblem, media organisation logos and the filtering of the operation's video to Colombia's main TV network have tarnished the operation's successful tactics.

Although they left no writings of their own, the Druids have had a profound impact on modern culture. The Druids of Celtic Britain are remembered as mystical holy men, holding the secrets of nature. But ancient sources - including Julius Caesar himself - accused them of human sacrifice, even cannibalism. Now, new discoveries are uncovering the secrets of these Celtic pagan priests. Archaeological evidence reveals the truth about Druid sacrifice and tells the story of the Druids' last stand against Rome's conquering legions. Learn how a recent discovery of a cloaked man buried almost 2,000 years ago with mysterious metal rods has been linked with the Druids for the first time.

The naval base at Guantanamo Bay secured a place in the annals of history when the first wave of detainees from Americas War on Terror men dubbed the worst of the worst arrived in 2002. A symbol of freedom protected or freedom tragically betrayed, the controversies of Guantanamo embody the thorny issues of America's fight against an enemy that wears no uniform, has no address and will declare no armistice, and an administrations battle to keep prisoners beyond the reach of due process in American courts. The goings-on inside the wire encircling this highly classified camp have been a closely held government secret until now. For the first time, National Geographic exclusively captures day-to-day life in the most famous prison in the world exploring the ongoing daily struggle between the guard force of dedicated young military personnel and the equally dedicated detainees, many of whom are still in legal limbo after being held years.

Recycling gets a makeover with a quirky group of young "eco-capitalists" at TerraCycle, Inc. Using only materials found in the trash, the team will transform cereal boxes into notebooks, newspaper into pencils and cookie wrappers into kites.

It's a wild family drama in Kruger National Park: 28 members, including teenage bullies, new babies, absentee fathers and sick relatives and dynamics changing every day. Only this family is a mega lion pride.

A team of scientific detectives from around the world attempt to crack one of sciences most enduring mysteries - what killed the megafauna? Long after the extinction of the dinosaurs, extraordinary species of giant beasts roamed the earth, ruling the animal kingdom for hundreds of thousands of years. But suddenly, they vanished. Something happened which wiped them off the face of the planet forever. Recent discoveries could now help solve that mystery and offer insight into environmental problems today which threaten the world - and mankind.

We'll take to the skies with the presidential helicopter Marine One as it flies to the nation's largest city. To protect the President, Marine One must flawlessly coordinate with the Marines, the New York Police Department, and the Secret Service.O

What begins as a star’s cataclysmic explosion in a violent supernova results in one of the most mysterious phenomena in our universe: a black hole. Black holes are the makings of science fiction, with fantasies of tunnel passageways that travel through space and time dominating the imagination. Nothing survives a black hole; it's gravitational pull twists space and time into a furious knot so strong that not even light can escape, making the likelihood of locating a passageway inside almost impossible. Are black holes a rare freak of nature or does the universe hide many of these mysterious phenomena? 125 billion galaxies make up the visible universe, with every major galaxy housing a black hole. Indeed, even our own Milky Way harbours a super-massive black hole, 50 million kilometres wide at the very centre of the galaxy. What role do black holes play in attracting matter together within the spider’s web of gas and galaxies? And, with their voracious appetites, what’s to prevent a black hole from wiping out solar systems like our own?

Only a handful have ever been found before. But none like her. Her name is Lyuba. A one-month-old baby mammoth, she walked the tundra about 40,000 years ago and then died mysteriously. Discovered by a reindeer herder, she miraculously re-appeared on a riverbank in northwestern Siberia in 2007. She is the most perfectly preserved woolly mammoth ever discovered. And she has mesmerized the scientific world with her arrival - creating headlines across the globe. Everyone wants to know... how did she die? What can she tell us about life during the ice age and the Earth's changing climate? Will scientists be able to extract her DNA, and what secrets will it uncover? AKA Baby Mammoth: Frozen in Time

A search for the real Shangri-la in the Himalayas uncovers rare manuscripts and wall art in remote caves that have not been touched for hundreds of years.

The sinking of the Titanic was far more than a simple accident. A tragedy that could have been prevented, it was the result of a long chain of mistakes: a fatal series of avoidable human errors that sent the Titanic and more than half of her passengers to their watery graves. Based upon the official inquiry held immediately after the event, with additional evidence that's come to light since the wreck of the ship was discovered in 1985, National Geographic, in this drama-documentary special, explores Titanic: How It Really Sank. Aired on 2009.

Before Columbus, there's no record of navigators sailing the seas from East to West, returning to Europe. See if the crew of the Abora III complete the remarkable journey and gain insights into the abilities of ancient sailors in Lost on the Atlantic.

NGC goes inside the science of how a super flu virus develops and mutates, and the quick but complex decisions that must be made when trying to contain a new flu virus on the run.

If you think debtors today have a hard time, go back 300 years with Piers Hernu to London's Fleet Prison. Greed and fraud leads to one of the biggest financial meltdowns ever. Thousands of investors lose everything. Sound familiar? Except this was nearly 300 years ago and the losers are thrown not just into debt, but into one of the most brutal prisons of all time. Who better to investigate than former city boy turned gold smuggler Piers Hernu. He found himself sharing a crowded cell in Nepal. But that was a picnic compared to the hell of London's notorious Fleet prison. Toffs and commoners alike were banged up under the brutal regime of governor Thomas Bambridge. Georgian society was horrified to discover the torture, cruelty and death that took place behind the walls of Fleet Prison, conveniently located on the edge of the City Of London.

Charles Lindbergh becomes the world’s most famous man in 1927 when he flies non-stop from New York to Paris. But behind the legend was a man who juggled multiple secret lovers and took on a President.

Once a year, one of Nature’s great spectacles takes place on the northernmost coast of the Gulf of Alaska. It is a predestined collision of two massive migrations - a David and Goliath event - when thousands of ravenous salmon sharks gather to attack millions of Pacific salmon. The salmon are desperately trying to reach their spawning grounds in Prince William Sound. The sharks are there to gorge themselves. But sharks? In Alaska? Of the nearly 500 known sharks in the world, this is the only large, agile shark equipped to ply these icy waters. This shark is warm-blooded! In the end, the salmon run on an urgency born of their need to reproduce while the sharks run on…hunger. This one-hour spectacular travels with the salmon shark and the salmon in the most revealing portrait ever of this rarely filmed, little known shark: Alaska’s Icy Killer.

A top-secret unit known as MIS-X helped Allied POWs dig massive tunnels and coordinate elaborate escape plans from German prison camps. MIS-X officers and former prisoners divulge how they smuggled radios, maps and money into the camps. AKA: Escape Factory

Historians have long speculated that thousands of wooden ships plied a Maritime Silk Route from the Middle East to China, braving long distances on white-capped seas, but time and the deep ocean have destroyed any evidence . . . until now. In 1998 German engineer Tilman Walterfang found a shipwreck from the 9th Century blanketed by intact gold, silver and ceramic items. As we uncover clues and reveal the story of the wreck, reenactments transport us back in time to an age of the legendary Sinbad the Sailor, when vicious seas ravaged wooden boats like matchsticks. Through interviews with maritime archaeologists and ceramic experts we bring these characters to life by examining unique items recovered from the wreck and painting a vivid picture of glorious 9th Century Tang China. We reveal where the treasure now lies, in high security storage in Singapore. National Geographic show the incredible 60,000 pieces recovered – amid them are unique gold and silver items never before seen. It is a time capsule from a distant seafaring age that will take generations to fully understand. We piece together the last days of the ship’s journey before its untimely end in the treacherous straits of Indonesia and reveal one of the ancient world’s greatest trading routes and the brave men who sailed it.

This is a world you have never seen before - a world normally hidden under miles of water, the ocean floor. We'll remove the water using CGI animation, revealing a landscape of unimaginable scale with features more dramatic than anything on dry land.

Before today is over, at least 100 animal species will have disappeared from the planet forever. Thanks to a handful of dedicated scientists – a new generation of Noahs – Animals At The Edge won't be among them. As a flood of industrial development and urban expansion devours the planet's forests, species are being pushed into extinction 1000 times faster than at any other time in history. But for a few species, there is hope. Animals At The Edge takes viewers around the globe, into high-tech captive breeding programs where the last members of a few species are fighting for survival. Do these survivors hold the key to reviving whole species? Or have they been reduced to mere curiosities, staring down the abyss of extinction? And what does the planet's shrinking biodiversity mean for the future of our species? Animals At The Edge takes viewers to the remote and unlikely places where these embattled creatures are making their last stand.

90 miles from Kabul lies Camp Salerno – one of three us combat hospitals in Afghanistan. It's home to a four bed trauma unit that will see hundreds of casualties in the coming months. The war in Afghanistan is escalating. Since the us led invasion in 2001 troop deployments have increased year by year. Fighting has reached record levels, some of the heaviest is along the border with Pakistan. Many casualties will end up here – where a small group of medics fight another battle to save lives.

Uncover the secrets behind the magnificent Parthenon, in an inside look at its $10 billion restoration. It was first used as a temple to Athena.

Join leading astronomers on a visual journey beyond our solar system in search of planets like Earth. Using CGI animation, we’ll explore bizarre worlds that stretch our imagination: planets with iron rain and hot ice, with diamonds everywhere, and endless oceans of gas. Planets with abnormal orbital patterns and planets with no pattern at all that drift alone in the Milky Way. Planets so strange we never could have predicted them before. Could life exist there?

NGC conducts a forensic investigation to test the tenets of some of the most common conspiracy theories of 9/11 and the mysteries surrounding the attacks. Using high-tech forensic experiments, CGI re-creations, eyewitness footage and in-depth analysis by experts and "truthers," 9/11: Science and Conspiracy examines the alleged conspiracies and available evidence. Then we take a fascinating fly-on-the-wall position as the theorists observe the scientific results and react to the conclusions.

Unless answers are found quickly to strengthen the genetic base of our food in accelerating climate change, our world could face mass starvation. Solutions to this crisis lie within Mother Nature herself in the form of diverse genes found in the wild ancestors of our staple foods - and the man to hunt them down is Dr Ken Street, the Indiana Jones of agriculture. Ken and his team will travel to the land where agriculture began nearly 10,000 years ago. In the remotest parts of the Middle East and Central Asia, the genetic origins of our daily bread and other food still survive. The crops growing here have taken centuries to develop robust genetic traits that allow them to thrive in the harshest of climates. Scientists around the world want access to these genes so they may be integrated into food crops compromised by global warming.

The ancient Egyptians were fascinated by death. CGI and archaeological finds reveal both the terrifying and beautiful stories they believed of the afterlife.

National Geographic reviews Jack Horner's research into juvenile dinosaurs. His evidence suggests that juvenile dinosaurs looked sufficiently different from adults that they have sometimes been mistaken for a separate species. The program examines specific changes that occurred as dinosaurs aged and speculates on why the changes were necessary.

Filmmakers Dereck and Beverly Joubert forge a relationship with a week-old leopard in Africa. This is the intimate story of the relationship between two filmmakers and a wild leopard. Since encountering Legadema as a cub, Dereck and Beverly Joubert have built up a remarkable attachment to her.

Humpback whales are icons of their kind. They capture our imagination with their power, their grace and their song. Now with National Geographic's CritterCam, we'll go where few have gone to capture some of the most intimate and astounding moments of these giants of the sea. We'll find out who calls the shots in the mating game and who gets beaten and bruised. We'll see some of the most extraordinary scenes ever captured between a mother and her infant. And for the first time ever, we'll see how a young calf learns the skills it will need to survive.

Just five days before Christmas in 1987, the passenger ship Doña Paz collided with an oil tanker off Mindoro Island in the Philippines. 4,000 passengers died in the tragedy. It was the world's worst peacetime maritime disaster. Through dramatic first hand accounts from survivors and rescuers, transcripts from the Philippine congressional inquiry into the tragedy, archival footage and photos and a re-enactment of the collision, dissect the unfolding tragedy of Doña Paz.

With stunning footage from the Kaguya lunar orbiter, NGC reveals images of the moon and Earth like never seen before, and unlocks the secrets of 4.5 billion years of Earth, moon and solar system history.

Seven-time Everest summiter Pete Athans, and big wall climber Renan Ozturk take on the dangerous job of climbing into the crumbling caves. Their goals are to get inside the inaccessible cave cities that humans have not entered for hundreds, if not thousands, of years to document what's inside and to search for nine legendary cave temples called "kabum." What they find goes far beyond their expectations, rocking the Himalayan world and rewriting the history of this remote and mystical region, previously off-limits to outsiders.

The notion of bringing Mars to life - transforming a cold, dry, uninhabitable desert into a living planet - is called terraforming, has been around for almost a century. Initially just a science fiction concept, it has become a subject of serious scientific investigation. Recent discoveries of rocks and minerals found by the Mars rovers show it must once have had warmer, habitable living conditions. Now, using photorealistic CGI visualizations, we'll make a science fiction dream of Mars - a world of trees, rivers and blue skies - a plausible future, bringing it to life after three and a half billion years in a deep freeze. AKA Living on Mars

He was called the King of the Jews, believed to be a Messiah and just before Passover, the Romans beheaded him and crucified many of his followers. But his name was not Jesus. It was Simon, a self-proclaimed Messiah who died four years before Christ was born. Now, new analysis of a metre-tall stone tablet from the first century BC, being hailed by scholars as a “Dead Sea Scroll on stone,” speaks of an early Messiah and his resurrection. Was Simon of Peraea real? Did his life serve as the prototype of a Messiah for Jesus and his followers? And could this tablet shake up the basic premise of Christianity? Head to Israel to assess this unique and mysterious artefact, including testing by a leading archaeological geologist and comprehensive review of the letters, script and content by a Dead Sea Scroll expert. Then, from Jerusalem to Jericho, researchers investigate key archaeological ruins which could help prove Simon was indeed real – all of which just might sway the sceptics.

National Geographic embarks on an expedition into the mysterious world of ancient American history to shed a different light on the history of the Americas. History books traditionally depict the pre-Columbus Americas as a pristine wilderness where small native villages lived in harmony with nature. But scientific evidence tells a very different story: When Columbus stepped ashore in 1492, millions of people were already living there. America wasn't exactly a "New World," but a very old one whose inhabitants had built a vast infrastructure of cities, orchards, canals and causeways. But after Columbus set foot in the Americas, an endless wave of explorers, conquistadors and settlers arrived, and with each of their ships came a Noah's Ark of plants, animals—and disease. In the first 100 years of contact, entire civilizations were wiped out and the landscape was changed forever.

To mark the anniversary of JFK's assassination on November 22,1963, hundreds of hours of news footage, radio reports, audio recordings and home movies have been released that captured history as it was chaotically unfolding. This unique eyewitness material was first stored by local news stations in Dallas/Fort Worth and then in the vault of The 6th Floor Museum—which is dedicated to helping others understand the day Kennedy was killed. Now, this rarely seen archival footage that has been digitally captured and assembled into a detailed timeline. Included is footage capturing the real-time horror of parade-goers who witnessed the killing, the out-of- breath local anchors reporting the breaking news bulletin, the priest who describes administering the president's last rites and the ongoing, on-air speculation over who fired the fatal shots.

This two-hour documentary looks through the scope of a rifle to tell the inside story of the Iraq War. We interview the men and women who fought on the front lines and use rarely-seen footage, shot by US troops, to give the viewer a personal look at modern warfare.

An insight into the drug trade in Mexico and the violence associated with it, which led to more murders in 2009 than there were casualties in Iraq over the same period

One of the best-kept secrets of World War II was Japan's plan to bomb the Panama Canal with an innovative secret weapon unlike anything its enemies possessed: a massive, aircraft-carrying submarine capable of travelling around the world to deliver its deadly attack bombers against land-based targets. It was a weapon so potent it could have changed the course of WWII. Each giant I-400 sub carried three state-of-the-art bombers in a huge hangar on the deck. When the sub surfaced, the bombers would be catapulted toward their targets. When they returned from their missions they'd land in the water near the sub and be hoisted aboard with a crane. Explore the sunken wreck of one of only three I-400s ever built to see how the world's first underwater aircraft carrier came about...and how close the Japanese came to making it count.

See how revolutionary high-speed, high-definition video is used to analyze pit crew performances down to fractions of a second for NASCAR races, a sport where races are commonly won by tenths of a second.See how explosives researchers use high-speed cameras to capture the plume size of flash grenades.Then, take a look at a beer brewer that uses high-tech video monitoring systems to analyze the high-speed production line in slow motion so it can investigate the source of the last costly shutdown.