Arvin Ash

4D Spacetime and Relativity explained simply and visually (2021x18)

Udgivelsesdato: Jun 05, 2021

To study subjects like this more in depth, go to: https://brilliant.org/arvinash -- you can sign up for free! And the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual membership. Enjoy! Background videos: Special Relativity: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAf7FXih-Jc General Relativity: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzQC3uYL67U Maxwell & speed of light: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSEJ4YLXtt8 Why isn't c infinite?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=392N-IYRepc Outro artist of the week: Nicholas Antwi (BMI), "Mysterious Synth Drum Beat" 0:00 - Why time is a dimension 1:43 - Speed of light was a problem 3:54 - How Einstein resolved problem 4:54 - Minkowski geometry 6:59 - What're world lines 7:30 - What's a light cone 9:19 - How simultaneity is relativity 10:51 - How relativity affects light cones 13:09 - Future video topic 13:35 - Course at Brilliant for further study Summary: How to visualize Minkowski four dimensional spacetime and relativity using light cones and world lines. These are three spatial dimensions and one time dimension in the universe. With these 4 coordinates, you could rendezvous with anyone anywhere in the universe. In fact these 4 dimensions can describe any event in the universe. But how did the idea of time as a dimension come about? How can we best visualize these 4 dimensions? And what really happens when space and time start doing seemingly weird things when two objects move relative to each other? In the late 1800’s, scientists had recognized that there was an inconsistency between two theories – Newton’s laws of motion, and Maxwell’s equations describing electricity and magnetism. The problem was the speed of light. Maxwell had shown that light was a self-propagating electromagnetic wave. And his theory predicted its speed to be about 300,000 km/s. The question was what would the measured speed of light be if the person measuring it was moving. According to Newton, this moving observer shou